Stanford University

DIGITAL PLATFORMS

E-Commerce Platforms and International Trade: A Large-Scale Field Experiment

Researchers

Abstract

Information technology (IT) enables and facilitates trillion-dollar international trade. This paper studies whether the efficiency of IT-enabled trade on e-commerce platforms can be improved by integrating export logistic services. Exploiting a site-wide randomized experiment on eBay, we show that integrating the service of handling customs clearance and international shipping profitably increased cross-border trade on eBay by at least 2.9% through the extensive margin of export.The increase comes from groups where export entry costs are prohibitive: small and medium sellers, more distant countries, and products with smaller price-to-shipping ratios. Foreign consumers benefited from higher marketplace quality through a change in seller composition and a 1% increase in product variety. Foreign sellers experienced no sales cannibalization on average but experienced higher competition from U.S. sellers in differentiated goods categories. Back-of-the-envelope calculations suggest that 91% of the export response is explained by a reduction in export entry cost, manifested in the hassle cost of learning export procedures on eBay. We discuss implications for e-commerce platforms and government agencies.

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Stanford University